Literature
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| No | Action | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rigveda | Oldest Veda; Gayatri mantra | Rishis (Vishvamitra, Vasishtha, etc.) | Early Vedic | Ancient India | ||
| 2 | Samaveda | Chants; origin of music | Rishis | Later Vedic | Ancient India | ||
| 3 | Yajurveda | Sacrificial formulae | Rishis | Later Vedic | Ancient India | ||
| 4 | Atharvaveda | Magic spells & medicine | Rishis (Atharvan, Angiras) | Later Vedic | Ancient India | ||
| 5 | Aitareya Brahmana | Rigvedic rituals | Mahidasa Aitareya | Later Vedic | Ancient India | ||
| 6 | Shatapatha Brahmana | Videgha Mathava migration | Yajnavalkya (trad.) | Later Vedic | Ancient India | ||
| 7 | Brihadaranyaka Upanishad | Yajnavalkya-Gargi debate | Yajnavalkya (trad.) | Later Vedic | Ancient India | ||
| 8 | Chandogya Upanishad | Tat tvam asi | Uddalaka Aruni (teachings) | Later Vedic | Ancient India | ||
| 9 | Mundaka Upanishad | Satyameva Jayate | Unknown | Later Vedic | Ancient India | ||
| 10 | Maha Upanishad | Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam | Unknown | Later Vedic | Ancient India | ||
| 11 | Katha Upanishad | Nachiketa and Yama | Unknown | Later Vedic | Ancient India | ||
| 12 | Sulva Sutras | Altar geometry | Baudhayana, Apastamba, Katyayana | Later Vedic | Ancient India | ||
| 13 | Ramayana | Story of Rama | Valmiki | Epic Age | Ancient India | ||
| 14 | Mahabharata | Kurukshetra war | Ved Vyasa | Epic Age | Ancient India | ||
| 15 | Ashtadhyayi | Sanskrit Grammar | Panini | Mahajanapadas | Ancient India | ||
| 16 | Tripitaka | Buddhist canon | Compiled at Buddhist councils (Upali, Ananda) | Mahajanapadas - Mauryan | Ancient India | ||
| 17 | Anguttara Nikaya | 16 Mahajanapadas (Buddhist) | Buddhist canon | Mahajanapadas | Ancient India | ||
| 18 | Jataka Tales | Buddha's previous births | Buddhist canon (Khuddaka Nikaya) | Mahajanapadas - Mauryan | Ancient India | ||
| 19 | Bhagavati Sutra | 16 Mahajanapadas (Jain) | Jain canon | Mahajanapadas | Ancient India | ||
| 20 | Kalpasutra | Lives of Tirthankaras | Bhadrabahu | Mauryan Period | Ancient India | ||
| 21 | Arthasastra | Mauryan Statecraft | Kautilya | Mauryan Period | Ancient India | ||
| 22 | Indica | Mauryan India, 7 castes | Megasthenes | Mauryan Period | Ancient India | ||
| 23 | Mahabhashya | Commentary on Panini | Patanjali | Shunga Period | Ancient India | ||
| 24 | Yoga Sutra | Ashtanga yoga | Patanjali | Post-Mauryan | Ancient India | ||
| 25 | Manusmriti | Law code | Manu | Post-Mauryan | Ancient India | ||
| 26 | Milindapanho | Menander and Nagasena | Nagasena (trad.) | Indo-Greeks | Ancient India | ||
| 27 | Divyavadana | Legends of Ashoka | Unknown | Post-Mauryan | Ancient India | ||
| 28 | Buddhacharita | Life of Buddha | Ashvaghosha | Kushanas (Kanishka) | Ancient India | ||
| 29 | Saundarananda | Conversion of Nanda | Ashvaghosha | Kushanas (Kanishka) | Ancient India | ||
| 30 | Mulamadhyamakakarika | Shunyavada | Nagarjuna | Satavahanas | Ancient India | ||
| 31 | Charaka Samhita | Medicine | Charaka | Kushanas (Kanishka) | Ancient India | ||
| 32 | Sushruta Samhita | Surgery | Sushruta | Post-Mauryan | Ancient India | ||
| 33 | Natyashastra | Drama, dance, rasa | Bharata Muni | Post-Mauryan | Ancient India | ||
| 34 | Gatha Saptashati | Prakrit love lyrics | Hala | Satavahanas | Ancient India | ||
| 35 | Brihatkatha | Tales in Paishachi | Gunadhya | Satavahanas | Ancient India | ||
| 36 | Swapnavasavadattam | Udayana and Vasavadatta | Bhasa | Pre-Gupta | Ancient India | ||
| 37 | Periplus of the Erythraean Sea | Indo-Roman trade, ports | Anonymous Greek sailor | Post-Mauryan (1st c. CE) | Ancient India | ||
| 38 | Naturalis Historia | Drain of Roman gold | Pliny the Elder | Post-Mauryan (1st c. CE) | Ancient India | ||
| 39 | Geographia | Indian ports and towns | Ptolemy | Post-Mauryan (2nd c. CE) | Ancient India | ||
| 40 | Nyaya Sutra | Logic (Nyaya) | Gautama (Akshapada) | Six Darshanas | Ancient India | ||
| 41 | Vaisheshika Sutra | Atomism | Kanada | Six Darshanas | Ancient India | ||
| 42 | Samkhya Karika | Purusha-Prakriti dualism | Ishvarakrishna | Six Darshanas | Ancient India | ||
| 43 | Mimamsa Sutra | Vedic ritual | Jaimini | Six Darshanas | Ancient India | ||
| 44 | Brahma Sutra | Vedanta | Badarayana | Six Darshanas | Ancient India | ||
| 45 | Tolkappiyam | Tamil grammar | Tolkappiyar | Sangam Age | Ancient India | ||
| 46 | Ettuthogai | Eight Anthologies | Various Sangam poets | Sangam Age | Ancient India | ||
| 47 | Pattuppattu | Ten Idylls | Various Sangam poets | Sangam Age | Ancient India | ||
| 48 | Tirukkural | Ethics; 'Tamil Veda' | Thiruvalluvar | Sangam / Post-Sangam | Ancient India | ||
| 49 | Silappadikaram | Kovalan and Kannagi | Ilango Adigal (Chera prince) | Post-Sangam | Ancient India | ||
| 50 | Manimekalai | Buddhist Tamil epic | Sittalai Sattanar | Post-Sangam | Ancient India | ||